- scaling up vs. efficiency - single query: great if you can scale up - possibly expensive if concurrency - hardware/software/financial limits - distributed systems - Use-Cases: HTAP/OLAP, not OLTP - Goals: - explain where we're expecting to make progress - explain if improvements could help you - get feedback - three fields: - same query plan faster - find a better, already executable, plan - new executor possibilities - Past: - same query plan faster: - effective_io_concurrency - changes in 10: - expression evaluation - hashtable improvements - better plans: - false correlation, zip code & city ex - new executor possibilities - index only scans - Future: - some query plan faster: - JIT expressions/deforming - executor refactoring - same query plan faster: - better stats / selectivity estimation - CTE inlining - new executor possibilities: - lazy hash join